مجله علوم پزشکی پارس
سال هجدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 53، پاییز 1399)

Transfer of critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units mainly for the purpose of performing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures can be associated with adverse events. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the incidence of adverse events and its associated risk factors during the transfer of ICU Patients.

 In this descriptive cross-sectional study, patient data were collected through a checklist of adverse events over a 6-month period. The data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics using SPSS software (version 22).
 Results

 536 patients (91.2%) had adverse events. The incidence of patient-related, staff-related, and equipment-related adverse events was 65.5%, 73.3%, and 7.8%, respectively. The incidence of adverse events was higher in men than women (P= 0.035). The incidence of adverse events in stroke transfer (51.9%) was significantly higher than other methods (P<0.001). Incidence of adverse events in ICU was significantly higher than CCU (P= 0.001). There was a statistically significant correlation between the occurrence of adverse events and the presence of equipment such as oxygen cylinder (P<0.001), cardiac monitor (P=0.047), portable ventilator (P=0.004), pulse oximeter (P<0.001) and bedside railing (P<0.001).

 The results showed that the incidence of adverse events was high. Organizations must identify and actively address risks during the transition. The use of checklists and communication tools related to data transfer can improve the quality and safety of transfer.

Many eye surgeries are performed annually in the world, one of the most common of which is cataract surgery. Due to the short length of cataract surgery, a laryngeal mask can be used instead of a tracheal tube, which has more complications. However, withdrawal reactions from anesthesia and the persistence of hemodynamic symptoms due to the sensitivity of eye surgery are still being studied. The aim of this study was to compare the two methods of using lubricant gel and normal saline while applying laryngeal airway mask (LMA) on hemodynamic symptoms and anesthesia reactions in patients undergoing cataract surgery.

This randomized double-blind clinical trial study was performed on 120 patients undergoing cataract surgery. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups of normal saline and lubricant gel. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and arterial blood oxygen saturation before and immediately after induction were calculated 5 minutes postoperatively, 15 minutes postoperatively, 30 minutes postoperatively and in recovery. Episodes of cough, sore throat, nausea and vomiting were also recorded in recovery, 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery in the ophthalmology ward.

The findings of the present study showed that the study groups did not differ significantly in terms of demographic characteristics

Despite advances in diagnosis and therapy, cancer is still the main cause of death worldwide. Crocin, the major carotenoid in saffron, exhibits potent anti-tumor effects in breast, pancreas, and gastric tumors. However, the anti-lymphoma effects of crocin are still unclear, especially in B cell lymphomas. The present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of crocin on EBV-infected transformed B cell.

In this study, the effects of crocin on CO 88BV59-1 LCL – an Epstein‐Barr‐Virus (EBV) Infected Transformed B cell was examined. The cells were treated with crocin (0.2-200 µM), for 3 days. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated using MTT, and flow cytometry techniques respectively. Also, miRNA-15a genes expression were determined by real-time PCR.

Crocin significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in EBV infected cell-line in a dose and time-dependent manner (P<0.05). There was no significant change in the expression of miRNA-15a3p and miRNA-15a5p in treated cells compared to untreated cells (P>0.05).

The results suggested that crocin can be considered for preclinical and also clinical testing in EBV-associated B cell lymphoma treatment. The results showed that due to the effect of crocin in reducing the survival and increasing apoptosis of lymphoma cells and also due to the lack of change in the expression of miRNA-15a, it can be considered as a therapeutic candidate in the treatment of EBV-associated B cell lymphoma.

In spite of the improvements in developing antiretroviral treatments, there are no approved HIV vaccines. To achieve an effective vaccine against HIV-1 requires induction of strong humoral and cellular immune responses, so developing an effectual vaccine is required. The aim of this study was the immunological assessment of HIV-1 Nef-MPER-V3 harboring LDP12 penetrating peptide in BALB/c mice in order to induce effective immune responses. Materials &

In the current study, presenting 55 female mice were utilized for immunization with LDP12-NefMPER-V3. The mice were divided into 11 groups with 5 mice each group. Immunizations were performed three times at three week intervals and subcutaneously in a volume of 100 μl per mouse. Two weeks after final injection, humoral and cellular immune responses were evaluated in blood serum and splenocytes respectively, by using ELISA method. Finally, the data analysis was performed, using Mann-Whitney u test.

Although the level of total antibody production was observed in all main groups with different titrations, but the antibody level was higher in the mice groups that injected with the LDP12 antigen with adjuvants immunity than in the control group (p=0.045). Also, IgG2a was the predominant isotype (Th1-biased response) in mice immunized group that had LDP12 antigen with Hsp27 adjuvant.

The data indicated that the high immune system stimulating capabilities of LDP12-Nef-MPER-V3 injection regime accompanied by Hp91 adjuvant, which provides the potential for an efficient HIV vaccine.

Giardiasis is a worldwide infection of the small intestine. The causative agent of this disease is a flagellate protozoan called Giardia. It is only transmitted by mature cysts. It is important to identify the geographical distribution of Giardia intestinalis assemblages and genotypes in order to determine their transmission pattern in each region of the country. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine the predominant Giardia assemblage in human samples in Arak.

Fecal samples with severe contamination to Giardia were collected from laboratories affiliated to Arak University of Medical Sciences and Giardia cysts were isolated by flotation method and then DNA extraction was performed by phenol-chloroform method on these samples. The extraction product was used in the PCR reaction based on the identification of the β-giardin gene.  Finally, the product of PCR reaction was sent to the sequencing.

In this study, 25 samples of Giardia-infected feces were examined by PCR method and 12 of PCR reaction products were sent for sequencing. Ten isolates were 98% similarity to LC508640.1 sequence and two isolates were 97% similarity to JN616244.1. These isolates were recorded in GenBank (MT584765- MT584776). Results of current study showed assemblage A of Giardia intestinalis is the dominant in Arak.

The assemblage of all isolates that obtained from current study was matched with genotype A. Given that assemblage A is mostly contaminating humans and other mammals, it seems the transmission of Giardia is zoonotic in Arak city.

 Dyslipidemia is a well-recognized and preventable risk factor for Coronary heart disease (CHD). The aim of this population-based study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its some related factors in urban adults in Jahrom, Iran.

 This cross-sectional study was conducted among 891 adult aged 30 years or older in urban population in Jahrom, Fars province, Iran. Data such as sex, age, education level, marital situation, and body mass index (BMI) were collected. The p< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

 Overall, the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 78.1% (95% Confidence Interval: 75.4-80.8%) in the participants. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was 46.8%, 40.0%, 41.6%, and 42.8%, respectively, among in study subjects. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was significantly higher in women (83.6%) in compare to men (71.5%, p= 0.001). Sex (female), overweight and obesity, were risk factors for dyslipidemia.

 Dyslipidemia is a major health problem in south of Iran. Therefore, screening programs should be carried out in the urban area of Jahrom for early detection of dyslipidemia. Focusing on overweight and obesity are essential to changing lifestyles among subjects with dyslipidemia.